If metformin is also used later for diabetes, why do doctors prescribe it for pre-diabetes?

Many recently diagnosed pre-diabetic patients frequently question why they are also offered Metformin, a drug that is frequently used to treat diabetes in India. A Quora member asked for clarification on the same. “If metformin is also used later for diabetes, why do doctors prescribe it for pre-diabetes?” We consulted specialists to provide you with verified facts.

One of the most researched medications for the treatment of diabetes is metformin. Although studies have shown that it also helps with pre-diabetes, it is most well-known for being the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. The reason is straightforward: pre diabetes signals that blood sugar is higher than normal, yet not high enough for a diabetes diagnosis. Starting Metformin early in certain patients can delay or even prevent the development of full-blown diabetes,” said Dr Pranav Ghody, consultant endocrinologist and diabetologist, Wockhardt Hospitals, Mumbai Central.

Despite being marketed as a diabetes drug, metformin addresses the same underlying problem of Insulin Resistance when taken early in pre-diabetes. Metformin can reduce the likelihood of problems and decrease the progression of the disease by addressing this issue early. Metformin is a useful tool in the treatment of pre-diabetes and diabetes because of its proactive strategy, which promotes better long-term blood sugar control, according to diabetes educator and consultant dietician Kanikka Malhotra.

Interestingly, metformin, which has been prescribed in India for many years, is a member of the biguanide drug class. According to Dr. Ghody, “Metformin helps the body’s own insulin work more effectively rather than increasing insulin production like many medications do.”

It accomplishes this by enhancing insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat cells and decreasing the liver’s production of sugar.

According to Dr. Ghody, physicians typically take it into consideration for patients who are overweight, under 60, have a significant family history of diabetes, or are female and have polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). “Changing one’s lifestyle may not be sufficient in these high-risk groups, and metformin offers an additional layer of protection,” Dr. Ghody stated.

What should individuals be aware of prior to beginning Metformin?

First, lifestyle: The cornerstones are weight control, exercise, and diet. According to Dr. Ghody, “metformin is typically prescribed when risks are high or when lifestyle changes are insufficient.” The majority of people can handle it well, although some people may initially feel queasy. According to Dr. Ghody, “taking it with meals can help reduce side effects.” Safety: Although renal function should be assessed prior to beginning and routinely reviewed, it is generally safe. – Not a shortcut: Metformin is not a “license” to eat anything. It works best when paired with healthy habits, said Dr Ghody.

How much time should I allow?

For someone with prediabetes, taking Metformin usually means a commitment of several years, often around three, but this can vary based on how the person responds to the medication and lifestyle changes, said Malhotra. “It’s easier to manage any side effects, like stomach upset, because many people start on a low dose and only increase it if necessary,” Malhotra added.

The important thing is to realize that metformin is a useful supplement to regular exercise and a good diet, not a panacea. Malhotra claims that in order to determine whether or not to lessen or stop the medicine, doctors routinely assess patient improvement. Some people can even reverse their prediabetes with positive lifestyle changes, which can eventually lessen their need for medication. Therefore, it’s a supporting, long-term strategy as opposed to only a medication to be taken occasionally,” Malhotra stated.

As a result, metformin is not only a medication for diabetes; it can also be used to prevent pre-diabetes in people who are at high risk for it. “The objective is to postpone or prevent diabetes completely, and when taken appropriately, metformin aids in that process,” Dr. Ghody stated.

DISCLAIMER: The information in this post comes from either the public domain or the experts we consulted. Before beginning any routine, always get advice from your healthcare provider.